DateFormat (JanosRuntime JavaDOC)

java.lang.Object
- java.text.Format
- - java.text.DateFormat

All Implemented Interfaces:

Cloneable

Direct Known Subclasses:

SimpleDateFormat
```
public abstract class DateFormat
extends Format
implements Cloneable
```
DateFormat is an abstract class for date/time formatting subclasses which formats and parses dates or time in a language-independent manner. The date/time formatting subclass, such as SimpleDateFormat, allows for formatting (i.e., date -> text), parsing (text -> date), and normalization. The date is represented as a Date object or as the milliseconds since January 1, 1970, 00:00:00 GMT.
DateFormat provides many class methods for obtaining default date/time formatters based on the default or a given loacle and a number of formatting styles. The formatting styles include FULL, LONG, MEDIUM, and SHORT. More detail and examples of using these styles are provided in the method descriptions.
DateFormat helps you to format and parse dates for any locale. Your code can be completely independent of the locale conventions for months, days of the week, or even the calendar format: lunar vs. solar.
To format a date for the current Locale, use one of the static factory methods:
```
  myString = DateFormat.getDateInstance().format(myDate);
 
```
If you are formatting multiple numbers, it is more efficient to get the format and use it multiple times so that the system doesn't have to fetch the information about the local language and country conventions multiple times.
```
  DateFormat df = DateFormat.getDateInstance();
  for (int i = 0; i < a.length; ++i) {
    output.println(df.format(myDate[i]) + "; ");
  }
 
```
To format a number for a different Locale, specify it in the call to getDateInstance().
```
  DateFormat df = DateFormat.getDateInstance(Locale.FRANCE);
 
```
You can use a DateFormat to parse also.
```
  myDate = df.parse(myString);
 
```
Use getDate to get the normal date format for that country. There are other static factory methods available. Use getTime to get the time format for that country. Use getDateTime to get a date and time format. You can pass in different options to these factory methods to control the length of the result; from SHORT to MEDIUM to LONG to FULL. The exact result depends on the locale, but generally:
- SHORT is completely numeric, such as 12.13.52 or 3:30pm
- MEDIUM is longer, such as Jan 12, 1952
- LONG is longer, such as January 12, 1952 or 3:30:32pm
- FULL is pretty completely specified, such as Tuesday, April 12, 1952 AD or 3:30:42pm PST.
You can also set the time zone on the format if you wish. If you want even more control over the format or parsing, (or want to give your users more control), you can try casting the DateFormat you get from the factory methods to a SimpleDateFormat. This will work for the majority of countries; just remember to put it in a try block in case you encounter an unusual one.
You can also use forms of the parse and format methods with ParsePosition and FieldPosition to allow you to
- progressively parse through pieces of a string.
- align any particular field, or find out where it is for selection on the screen.
See Also:

Format, NumberFormat, SimpleDateFormat, Calendar, GregorianCalendar, TimeZone

Field Summary

Fields
Modifier and Type	Field and Description
`static int`	`AM_PM_FIELD` Useful constant for AM_PM field alignment.
`protected Calendar`	`calendar` The calendar that DateFormat uses to produce the time field values needed to implement date/time formatting.
`static int`	`DATE_FIELD` Useful constant for DATE field alignment.
`static int`	`DAY_OF_WEEK_FIELD` Useful constant for DAY_OF_WEEK field alignment.
`static int`	`DAY_OF_WEEK_IN_MONTH_FIELD` Useful constant for DAY_OF_WEEK_IN_MONTH field alignment.
`static int`	`DAY_OF_YEAR_FIELD` Useful constant for DAY_OF_YEAR field alignment.
`static int`	`DEFAULT` Constant for default style pattern.
`static int`	`ERA_FIELD` Useful constant for ERA field alignment.
`static int`	`FULL` Constant for full style pattern.
`static int`	`HOUR_OF_DAY0_FIELD` Useful constant for zero-based HOUR_OF_DAY field alignment.
`static int`	`HOUR_OF_DAY1_FIELD` Useful constant for one-based HOUR_OF_DAY field alignment.
`static int`	`HOUR0_FIELD` Useful constant for zero-based HOUR field alignment.
`static int`	`HOUR1_FIELD` Useful constant for one-based HOUR field alignment.
`static int`	`LONG` Constant for long style pattern.
`static int`	`MEDIUM` Constant for medium style pattern.
`static int`	`MILLISECOND_FIELD` Useful constant for MILLISECOND field alignment.
`static int`	`MINUTE_FIELD` Useful constant for MINUTE field alignment.
`static int`	`MONTH_FIELD` Useful constant for MONTH field alignment.
`protected NumberFormat`	`numberFormat` The number formatter that DateFormat uses to format numbers in dates and times.
`static int`	`SECOND_FIELD` Useful constant for SECOND field alignment.
`static int`	`SHORT` Constant for short style pattern.
`static int`	`TIMEZONE_FIELD` Useful constant for TIMEZONE field alignment.
`static int`	`WEEK_OF_MONTH_FIELD` Useful constant for WEEK_OF_MONTH field alignment.
`static int`	`WEEK_OF_YEAR_FIELD` Useful constant for WEEK_OF_YEAR field alignment.
`static int`	`YEAR_FIELD` Useful constant for YEAR field alignment.

Constructor Summary

Constructors
Modifier Constructor and Description

protected DateFormat()
DateFormat

Constructors
Modifier	Constructor and Description
`protected`	`DateFormat()` DateFormat

Method Summary

All Methods Static Methods Instance Methods Abstract Methods Concrete Methods
Modifier and Type	Method and Description
`Object`	`clone()` Overrides Cloneable.
`boolean`	`equals(Object obj)` Overrides equals
`String`	`format(Date date)` Formats a Date into a date/time string.
`abstract StringBuffer`	`format(Date date, StringBuffer toAppendTo, FieldPosition fieldPosition)` Formats a Date into a date/time string.
`StringBuffer`	`format(Object obj, StringBuffer toAppendTo, FieldPosition fieldPosition)` Overrides Format.
`static Locale[]`	`getAvailableLocales()` Gets the set of locales for which DateFormats are installed.
`Calendar`	`getCalendar()` Gets the calendar associated with this date/time formatter.
`static DateFormat`	`getDateInstance()` Gets the date formatter with the default formatting style for the default locale.
`static DateFormat`	`getDateInstance(int style)` Gets the date formatter with the given formatting style for the default locale.
`static DateFormat`	`getDateInstance(int style, Locale aLocale)` Gets the date formatter with the given formatting style for the given locale.
`static DateFormat`	`getDateTimeInstance()` Gets the date/time formatter with the default formatting style for the default locale.
`static DateFormat`	`getDateTimeInstance(int dateStyle, int timeStyle)` Gets the date/time formatter with the given date and time formatting styles for the default locale.
`static DateFormat`	`getDateTimeInstance(int dateStyle, int timeStyle, Locale aLocale)` Gets the date/time formatter with the given formatting styles for the given locale.
`static DateFormat`	`getInstance()` Get a default date/time formatter that uses the SHORT style for both the date and the time.
`NumberFormat`	`getNumberFormat()` Gets the number formatter which this date/time formatter uses to format and parse a time.
`static DateFormat`	`getTimeInstance()` Gets the time formatter with the default formatting style for the default locale.
`static DateFormat`	`getTimeInstance(int style)` Gets the time formatter with the given formatting style for the default locale.
`static DateFormat`	`getTimeInstance(int style, Locale aLocale)` Gets the time formatter with the given formatting style for the given locale.
`TimeZone`	`getTimeZone()` Gets the time zone.
`int`	`hashCode()` Overrides hashCode
`boolean`	`isLenient()` Tell whether date/time parsing is to be lenient.
`Date`	`parse(String text)` Parse a date/time string.
`abstract Date`	`parse(String text, ParsePosition pos)` Parse a date/time string according to the given parse position.
`Object`	`parseObject(String source, ParsePosition pos)` Parse a date/time string into an Object.
`void`	`setCalendar(Calendar newCalendar)` Set the calendar to be used by this date format.
`void`	`setLenient(boolean lenient)` Specify whether or not date/time parsing is to be lenient.
`void`	`setNumberFormat(NumberFormat newNumberFormat)` Allows you to set the number formatter.
`void`	`setTimeZone(TimeZone zone)` Sets the time zone for the calendar of this DateFormat object.

Methods inherited from class java.text.Format
format, parseObject

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object
finalize, getClass, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait

- Field Detail
  - calendar
```
protected Calendar calendar
```
    The calendar that DateFormat uses to produce the time field values needed to implement date/time formatting. Subclasses should initialize this to the default calendar for the locale associated with this DateFormat.
  - numberFormat
```
protected NumberFormat numberFormat
```
    The number formatter that DateFormat uses to format numbers in dates and times. Subclasses should initialize this to the default number format for the locale associated with this DateFormat.
  - ERA_FIELD
```
public static final int ERA_FIELD
```
    Useful constant for ERA field alignment. Used in FieldPosition of date/time formatting.
    
    See Also:
    
    Constant Field Values
  - YEAR_FIELD
```
public static final int YEAR_FIELD
```
    Useful constant for YEAR field alignment. Used in FieldPosition of date/time formatting.
    
    See Also:
    
    Constant Field Values
  - MONTH_FIELD
```
public static final int MONTH_FIELD
```
    Useful constant for MONTH field alignment. Used in FieldPosition of date/time formatting.
    
    See Also:
    
    Constant Field Values
  - DATE_FIELD
```
public static final int DATE_FIELD
```
    Useful constant for DATE field alignment. Used in FieldPosition of date/time formatting.
    
    See Also:
    
    Constant Field Values
  - HOUR_OF_DAY1_FIELD
```
public static final int HOUR_OF_DAY1_FIELD
```
    Useful constant for one-based HOUR_OF_DAY field alignment. Used in FieldPosition of date/time formatting. HOUR_OF_DAY1_FIELD is used for the one-based 24-hour clock. For example, 23:59 + 01:00 results in 24:59.
    
    See Also:
    
    Constant Field Values
  - HOUR_OF_DAY0_FIELD
```
public static final int HOUR_OF_DAY0_FIELD
```
    Useful constant for zero-based HOUR_OF_DAY field alignment. Used in FieldPosition of date/time formatting. HOUR_OF_DAY0_FIELD is used for the zero-based 24-hour clock. For example, 23:59 + 01:00 results in 00:59.
    
    See Also:
    
    Constant Field Values
  - MINUTE_FIELD
```
public static final int MINUTE_FIELD
```
    Useful constant for MINUTE field alignment. Used in FieldPosition of date/time formatting.
    
    See Also:
    
    Constant Field Values
  - SECOND_FIELD
```
public static final int SECOND_FIELD
```
    Useful constant for SECOND field alignment. Used in FieldPosition of date/time formatting.
    
    See Also:
    
    Constant Field Values
  - MILLISECOND_FIELD
```
public static final int MILLISECOND_FIELD
```
    Useful constant for MILLISECOND field alignment. Used in FieldPosition of date/time formatting.
    
    See Also:
    
    Constant Field Values
  - DAY_OF_WEEK_FIELD
```
public static final int DAY_OF_WEEK_FIELD
```
    Useful constant for DAY_OF_WEEK field alignment. Used in FieldPosition of date/time formatting.
    
    See Also:
    
    Constant Field Values
  - DAY_OF_YEAR_FIELD
```
public static final int DAY_OF_YEAR_FIELD
```
    Useful constant for DAY_OF_YEAR field alignment. Used in FieldPosition of date/time formatting.
    
    See Also:
    
    Constant Field Values
  - DAY_OF_WEEK_IN_MONTH_FIELD
```
public static final int DAY_OF_WEEK_IN_MONTH_FIELD
```
    Useful constant for DAY_OF_WEEK_IN_MONTH field alignment. Used in FieldPosition of date/time formatting.
    
    See Also:
    
    Constant Field Values
  - WEEK_OF_YEAR_FIELD
```
public static final int WEEK_OF_YEAR_FIELD
```
    Useful constant for WEEK_OF_YEAR field alignment. Used in FieldPosition of date/time formatting.
    
    See Also:
    
    Constant Field Values
  - WEEK_OF_MONTH_FIELD
```
public static final int WEEK_OF_MONTH_FIELD
```
    Useful constant for WEEK_OF_MONTH field alignment. Used in FieldPosition of date/time formatting.
    
    See Also:
    
    Constant Field Values
  - AM_PM_FIELD
```
public static final int AM_PM_FIELD
```
    Useful constant for AM_PM field alignment. Used in FieldPosition of date/time formatting.
    
    See Also:
    
    Constant Field Values
  - HOUR1_FIELD
```
public static final int HOUR1_FIELD
```
    Useful constant for one-based HOUR field alignment. Used in FieldPosition of date/time formatting. HOUR1_FIELD is used for the one-based 12-hour clock. For example, 11:30 PM + 1 hour results in 12:30 AM.
    
    See Also:
    
    Constant Field Values
  - HOUR0_FIELD
```
public static final int HOUR0_FIELD
```
    Useful constant for zero-based HOUR field alignment. Used in FieldPosition of date/time formatting. HOUR0_FIELD is used for the zero-based 12-hour clock. For example, 11:30 PM + 1 hour results in 00:30 AM.
    
    See Also:
    
    Constant Field Values
  - TIMEZONE_FIELD
```
public static final int TIMEZONE_FIELD
```
    Useful constant for TIMEZONE field alignment. Used in FieldPosition of date/time formatting.
    
    See Also:
    
    Constant Field Values
  - FULL
```
public static final int FULL
```
    Constant for full style pattern.
    
    See Also:
    
    Constant Field Values
  - LONG
```
public static final int LONG
```
    Constant for long style pattern.
    
    See Also:
    
    Constant Field Values
  - MEDIUM
```
public static final int MEDIUM
```
    Constant for medium style pattern.
    
    See Also:
    
    Constant Field Values
  - SHORT
```
public static final int SHORT
```
    Constant for short style pattern.
    
    See Also:
    
    Constant Field Values
  - DEFAULT
```
public static final int DEFAULT
```
    Constant for default style pattern.
    
    See Also:
    
    Constant Field Values
- Constructor Detail
  - DateFormat
```
protected DateFormat()
```
    DateFormat
- Method Detail
  - format
```
public final StringBuffer format(Object obj,
                                 StringBuffer toAppendTo,
                                 FieldPosition fieldPosition)
```
    Overrides Format. Formats a time object into a time string. Examples of time objects are a time value expressed in milliseconds and a Date object.
    
    Specified by:
    
    format in class Format
    
    Parameters:
    
    obj - must be a Number or a Date.
    
    toAppendTo - the string buffer for the returning time string.
    
    fieldPosition - fieldPosition
    
    Returns:
    
    the formatted time string.
    
    See Also:
    
    Format
  - format
```
public abstract StringBuffer format(Date date,
                                    StringBuffer toAppendTo,
                                    FieldPosition fieldPosition)
```
    Formats a Date into a date/time string.
    
    Parameters:
    
    date - a Date to be formatted into a date/time string.
    
    toAppendTo - the string buffer for the returning date/time string.
    
    fieldPosition - ?
    
    Returns:
    
    the formatted date/time string.
  - format
```
public final String format(Date date)
```
    Formats a Date into a date/time string.
    
    Parameters:
    
    date - the time value to be formatted into a time string.
    
    Returns:
    
    the formatted time string.
  - parse
```
public Date parse(String text)
           throws ParseException
```
    Parse a date/time string.
    
    Parameters:
    
    text - ?
    
    Returns:
    
    ?
    
    Throws:
    
    ParseException - If the given string cannot be parsed as a date.
    
    See Also:
    
    parse(String, ParsePosition)
  - parse
```
public abstract Date parse(String text,
                           ParsePosition pos)
```
    Parse a date/time string according to the given parse position. For example, a time text "07/10/96 4:5 PM, PDT" will be parsed into a Date that is equivalent to Date(837039928046).
    By default, parsing is lenient: If the input is not in the form used by this object's format method but can still be parsed as a date, then the parse succeeds. Clients may insist on strict adherence to the format by calling setLenient(false).
    
    Parameters:
    
    text - The date/time string to be parsed
    
    pos - On input, the position at which to start parsing; on output, the position at which parsing terminated, or the start position if the parse failed.
    
    Returns:
    
    A Date, or null if the input could not be parsed
    
    See Also:
    
    setLenient(boolean)
  - parseObject
```
public Object parseObject(String source,
                          ParsePosition pos)
```
    Parse a date/time string into an Object. This convenience method simply calls parse(String, ParsePosition).
    
    Specified by:
    
    parseObject in class Format
    
    Parameters:
    
    pos - position
    
    source - ?
    
    Returns:
    
    object
    
    See Also:
    
    parse(String, ParsePosition)
  - getTimeInstance
```
public static final DateFormat getTimeInstance()
```
    Gets the time formatter with the default formatting style for the default locale.
    
    Returns:
    
    a time formatter.
  - getTimeInstance
```
public static final DateFormat getTimeInstance(int style)
```
    Gets the time formatter with the given formatting style for the default locale.
    
    Parameters:
    
    style - the given formatting style. For example, SHORT for "h:mm a" in the US locale.
    
    Returns:
    
    a time formatter.
  - getTimeInstance
```
public static final DateFormat getTimeInstance(int style,
                                               Locale aLocale)
```
    Gets the time formatter with the given formatting style for the given locale.
    
    Parameters:
    
    style - the given formatting style. For example, SHORT for "h:mm a" in the US locale.
    
    aLocale - the given locale.
    
    Returns:
    
    a time formatter.
  - getDateInstance
```
public static final DateFormat getDateInstance()
```
    Gets the date formatter with the default formatting style for the default locale.
    
    Returns:
    
    a date formatter.
  - getDateInstance
```
public static final DateFormat getDateInstance(int style)
```
    Gets the date formatter with the given formatting style for the default locale.
    
    Parameters:
    
    style - the given formatting style. For example, SHORT for "M/d/yy" in the US locale.
    
    Returns:
    
    a date formatter.
  - getDateInstance
```
public static final DateFormat getDateInstance(int style,
                                               Locale aLocale)
```
    Gets the date formatter with the given formatting style for the given locale.
    
    Parameters:
    
    style - the given formatting style. For example, SHORT for "M/d/yy" in the US locale.
    
    aLocale - the given locale.
    
    Returns:
    
    a date formatter.
  - getDateTimeInstance
```
public static final DateFormat getDateTimeInstance()
```
    Gets the date/time formatter with the default formatting style for the default locale.
    
    Returns:
    
    a date/time formatter.
  - getDateTimeInstance
```
public static final DateFormat getDateTimeInstance(int dateStyle,
                                                   int timeStyle)
```
    Gets the date/time formatter with the given date and time formatting styles for the default locale.
    
    Parameters:
    
    dateStyle - the given date formatting style. For example, SHORT for "M/d/yy" in the US locale.
    
    timeStyle - the given time formatting style. For example, SHORT for "h:mm a" in the US locale.
    
    Returns:
    
    a date/time formatter.
  - getDateTimeInstance
```
public static final DateFormat getDateTimeInstance(int dateStyle,
                                                   int timeStyle,
                                                   Locale aLocale)
```
    Gets the date/time formatter with the given formatting styles for the given locale.
    
    Parameters:
    
    dateStyle - the given date formatting style.
    
    timeStyle - the given time formatting style.
    
    aLocale - the given locale.
    
    Returns:
    
    a date/time formatter.
  - getInstance
```
public static final DateFormat getInstance()
```
    Get a default date/time formatter that uses the SHORT style for both the date and the time.
    
    Returns:
    
    ?
  - getAvailableLocales
```
public static Locale[] getAvailableLocales()
```
    Gets the set of locales for which DateFormats are installed.
    
    Returns:
    
    the set of locales for which DateFormats are installed.
  - setCalendar
```
public void setCalendar(Calendar newCalendar)
```
    Set the calendar to be used by this date format. Initially, the default calendar for the specified or default locale is used.
    
    Parameters:
    
    newCalendar - ?
  - getCalendar
```
public Calendar getCalendar()
```
    Gets the calendar associated with this date/time formatter.
    
    Returns:
    
    the calendar associated with this date/time formatter.
  - setNumberFormat
```
public void setNumberFormat(NumberFormat newNumberFormat)
```
    Allows you to set the number formatter.
    
    Parameters:
    
    newNumberFormat - the given new NumberFormat.
  - getNumberFormat
```
public NumberFormat getNumberFormat()
```
    Gets the number formatter which this date/time formatter uses to format and parse a time.
    
    Returns:
    
    the number formatter which this date/time formatter uses.
  - setTimeZone
```
public void setTimeZone(TimeZone zone)
```
    Sets the time zone for the calendar of this DateFormat object.
    
    Parameters:
    
    zone - the given new time zone.
  - getTimeZone
```
public TimeZone getTimeZone()
```
    Gets the time zone.
    
    Returns:
    
    the time zone associated with the calendar of DateFormat.
  - setLenient
```
public void setLenient(boolean lenient)
```
    Specify whether or not date/time parsing is to be lenient. With lenient parsing, the parser may use heuristics to interpret inputs that do not precisely match this object's format. With strict parsing, inputs must match this object's format.
    
    Parameters:
    
    lenient - ?
    
    See Also:
    
    Calendar.setLenient(boolean)
  - isLenient
```
public boolean isLenient()
```
    Tell whether date/time parsing is to be lenient.
    
    Returns:
    
    ?
  - hashCode
```
public int hashCode()
```
    Overrides hashCode
    
    Overrides:
    
    hashCode in class Object
    
    Returns:
    
    a hash code value for this object.
    
    See Also:
    
    Object.equals(java.lang.Object), Hashtable
  - equals
```
public boolean equals(Object obj)
```
    Overrides equals
    
    Overrides:
    
    equals in class Object
    
    Parameters:
    
    obj - the reference object with which to compare.
    
    Returns:
    
    true if this object is the same as the obj argument; false otherwise.
    
    See Also:
    
    Boolean.hashCode(), Hashtable
  - clone
```
public Object clone()
```
    Overrides Cloneable.
    
    Overrides:
    
    clone in class Format
    
    Returns:
    
    new instance of DateFormat
    
    See Also:
    
    Cloneable

Class DateFormat

Field Summary

Constructor Summary

Method Summary

Methods inherited from class java.text.Format

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object

Field Detail

calendar

numberFormat

ERA_FIELD

YEAR_FIELD

MONTH_FIELD

DATE_FIELD

HOUR_OF_DAY1_FIELD

HOUR_OF_DAY0_FIELD

MINUTE_FIELD

SECOND_FIELD

MILLISECOND_FIELD

DAY_OF_WEEK_FIELD

DAY_OF_YEAR_FIELD

DAY_OF_WEEK_IN_MONTH_FIELD

WEEK_OF_YEAR_FIELD

WEEK_OF_MONTH_FIELD

AM_PM_FIELD

HOUR1_FIELD

HOUR0_FIELD

TIMEZONE_FIELD

FULL

LONG

MEDIUM

SHORT

DEFAULT

Constructor Detail

DateFormat

Method Detail

format

format

format

parse

parse

parseObject

getTimeInstance

getTimeInstance

getTimeInstance

getDateInstance

getDateInstance

getDateInstance

getDateTimeInstance

getDateTimeInstance

getDateTimeInstance

getInstance

getAvailableLocales

setCalendar

getCalendar

setNumberFormat

getNumberFormat

setTimeZone

getTimeZone

setLenient

isLenient

hashCode

equals

clone